In-class Exercise 4: Geocoding and calibrating spatial interaction models

Author

Goh Si Hui

Published

December 9, 2023

Modified

December 15, 2023

1 Overview

In this exercise, we will perform geocoding using SLA OneMap API and prepare the propulsiveness and attractiveness variables onto a flow data so as to calibrate geographically weighted poisson regression

Note

I have combined the previous In-class_Ex4a and In-class_Ex4b into 1 webpage: In-class_Ex4

2 Downloading the packages

We will use the following packages for this exercise. - httr: to work with URLs and HTTP - tidyverse: to import, wrangle and manipulate asapatial data - sf: to import and provide simple features access for R - tmap: to create thematic maps

pacman::p_load(tidyverse, sf, tmap, httr, performance)

3 Data

For this exercise, we will be using the Generalinformationofschools data downloaded from data.gov.sg.

4 Geocoding using SLA API

Address geocoding, or simply geocoding, is the process of taking an aspatial description of a location, e.g. a postal code, and returning geographic coordinates e.g. latitude and longitude pair, to identify a location on the Earth’s surface.

The following code chunk performs geocoding using SLA OneMAp API. The input data is in csv file format. We will make use of the read_csv() function to bring in the data and use the http call functions of httr package to pass the individual records (i.e., postal codes) to the geocoding server at OneMap.

#| eval: FALSE 

url <- "https://onemap.gov.sg/api/common/elastic/search"
csv <- read_csv("data/aspatial/Generalinformationofschools.csv")
postcodes <- csv$'postal_code'

found <- data.frame()
not_found <- data.frame()

for (postcode in postcodes) {
  query <- list('searchVal'=postcode, 'returnGeom'='Y', 'getAddrDetails'='Y', 'pageNum'='1')
  res <- GET(url, query=query)
  if ((content(res)$found)!=0){
    found <- rbind(found, data.frame(content(res))[4:13])
  } else {
    not_found = data.frame(postcode)
  }
}

Using the above code chunk would return us the X and Y coordinates, and the latitude and longitude for each address. Note that due to the OneMap API having a time limit and a limit in the amount of data that we can pass through, some records could fail. Hence, we have also added a dataframe to keep track of those postal codes which did not return us with the geographical coordinates.

The following code chunk combines the school information dataframe (csv) with the geographical information returned by OneMap API using merge() function and write it as a csv file. The dataframe with a list of postal codes which did not return us with the geographical coordinates not_found is also written to a separate csv file.

#| eval: FALSE 

merged = merge(csv , found, by.x='postal_code', by.y = 'results.POSTAL', all = TRUE)
write.csv(merged, file="data/aspatial/schools.csv")
write_csv(not_found, file ="data/aspatial/not_found.csv")

Then we will manually search for the geographical coordinates of those postal codes and fill in the information in the schools.csv.

5 Importing schools dataframe into R

We will now import the schools.csv into R, rename some fields and select the necessary fields that we want.

schools <- read_csv("data/aspatial/schools1.csv") %>% rename(latitude = "results.LATITUDE", longitude = "results.LONGITUDE") %>% select(postal_code,school_name, latitude, longitude)
glimpse(schools)
Rows: 350
Columns: 4
$ postal_code <chr> "088256", "099138", "099757", "099840", "109100", "127368"…
$ school_name <chr> "CANTONMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL", "CHIJ ST. THERESA'S CONVENT",…
$ latitude    <dbl> 1.275465, 1.275352, 1.274740, 1.274958, 1.276128, 1.301228…
$ longitude   <dbl> 103.8400, 103.8224, 103.8280, 103.8242, 103.8086, 103.7649…

6 Convert tibble dataframe to a simple feature tibble dataframe

We will now convert the schools tibble data frame into a simple feature tibble data frame so that we can make use of the latitude and longitude fields as spatial data.

schools_sf <- st_as_sf(schools, coords = c("longitude", "latitude"), crs=4326) %>% 
  st_transform(crs=3414)

Note that when using st_as_sf() we included the parameter crs=4326 to specify that it is in WGS84 so the function can use the correct projection. Then we transform it to SVY21 (in metres) using st_transform().

7 Plotting a point simple feature layer

tiles = "https://maps-{s}.onemap.sg/v3/Default/{z}/{x}/{y}.png" 
tmap_mode("view") 

tm_basemap(server = tiles) + 
  tm_shape(schools_sf) + 
  tm_dots() + 
  tm_view(set.zoom.limits = c(11,14))
tmap_mode("plot")
Note

We added “tmap_mode(”plot”) at the end so that the subsequent maps would be in plot mode, rather than view mode, which requires more memory.

The schools are plotted as black dots in the above plot. Notice that in the above code chunk we have set it to use the OneMap Singapore map as the basemap. To make it more useful, we will bring in the Singapore planning subzone shapefile using the following code chunk so that we know which subzones the schools are in.

mpsz <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial", layer = "MPSZ-2019") %>% st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `MPSZ-2019' from data source 
  `C:\sihuihui\ISSS624\In-class_Ex\In-class_Ex4\data\geospatial' 
  using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 332 features and 6 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 103.6057 ymin: 1.158699 xmax: 104.0885 ymax: 1.470775
Geodetic CRS:  WGS 84

Note that in the above code chunk, we also used st_transform() on the mpsz simple feature data frame so that it uses the same coordinate system as the schools_sf simple feature data frame.

We will now plot the schools with the planning subzones as the base using the following code chunk.

tmap_options(check.and.fix = TRUE)
tm_shape(mpsz) + 
  tm_polygons() + 
  tm_shape(schools_sf)+
  tm_dots()

Note that in the above code chunk we:

  • use tmap_options(check.and.fix = True) to force the polygons to close and fix geometric errors.

  • plot polygon (i.e. mpsz) first then line or point polygon (i.e. schools_sf).

8 Performing point-in-polygon count process

mpsz$'SCH_COUNT' <- lengths(st_intersects(mpsz, schools_sf))
summary(mpsz$'SCH_COUNT')
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
  0.000   0.000   0.000   1.054   2.000  12.000 

From the output above, it seems like there are excessive 0 values in SCH_COUNT field. We need to replace the 0 values with a value bigger than 0 but smaller than 1 because we will be using this information in spatial interaction modelling which uses log() and log(0) would give us error. We will fill in the 0 values with 0.01 using the following code chunk.

mpsz <- mutate(mpsz, SCH_COUNT = replace(SCH_COUNT, 
                                         SCH_COUNT == 0, 0.01))
summary(mpsz)
  SUBZONE_N          SUBZONE_C          PLN_AREA_N         PLN_AREA_C       
 Length:332         Length:332         Length:332         Length:332        
 Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   Class :character  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                            
   REGION_N           REGION_C                  geometry     SCH_COUNT    
 Length:332         Length:332         MULTIPOLYGON :332   Min.   : 0.01  
 Class :character   Class :character   epsg:3414    :  0   1st Qu.: 0.01  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   +proj=tmer...:  0   Median : 0.01  
                                                           Mean   : 1.06  
                                                           3rd Qu.: 2.00  
                                                           Max.   :12.00  

9 Bringing in the business shapefile into R

We will also bring in the business shape file and plot it on the mpsz sf dataframe using the following code chunks.

business_sf <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                       layer = "Business")
Reading layer `Business' from data source 
  `C:\sihuihui\ISSS624\In-class_Ex\In-class_Ex4\data\geospatial' 
  using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 6550 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 3669.148 ymin: 25408.41 xmax: 47034.83 ymax: 50148.54
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM
tmap_options(check.and.fix = TRUE)
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
  tm_shape(business_sf) +
  tm_dots()

We will count the number of businesses in each subzone using the following code.

mpsz$'BIZ_COUNT' <- lengths(st_intersects(mpsz, business_sf))

We will also check the business_sf if there are any 0 values.

summary(mpsz$BIZ_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
   0.00    0.00    2.00   19.73   13.00  307.00 

We will again replace the 0 values with 0.01 because business is one of the variables for our weighted Poisson regression model that we will be using for spatial interaction modelling.

mpsz <- mutate(mpsz, BIZ_COUNT = replace(BIZ_COUNT, 
                                         BIZ_COUNT == 0, 0.01))
summary(mpsz$BIZ_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
   0.01    0.01    2.00   19.73   13.00  307.00 

10 Bringing flow_data.rds into R

flow_data <- read_rds("data/rds/flow_data_tidy.rds")
glimpse(flow_data)
Rows: 14,734
Columns: 13
$ ORIGIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMS…
$ DESTIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ01", "AMSZ02", "AMSZ03", "AMSZ04", "AMSZ05", "AMS…
$ MORNING_PEAK    <dbl> 1998, 8289, 8971, 2252, 6136, 2148, 1620, 1925, 1773, …
$ dist            <dbl> 50.0000, 810.4491, 1360.9294, 840.4432, 1076.7916, 805…
$ ORIGIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, …
$ DESTIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 310.00, 1140.00, 1010.00, 980.00, 810.00, 1050.00, 420…
$ DESTIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 710.00, 2770.00, 2650.00, 2000.00, 1920.00, 2390.00, 1…
$ DESTIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 2780.00, 15700.00, 14240.00, 11320.00, 9650.00, 12460.…
$ SCHOOL_COUNT    <dbl> 0.99, 2.00, 2.00, 1.00, 3.00, 2.00, 0.99, 0.99, 3.00, …
$ RETAIL_COUNT    <dbl> 1.00, 0.99, 6.00, 0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 117.00, 0.99…
$ geometry        <LINESTRING [m]> LINESTRING (29501.77 39419...., LINESTRING …

We will append the SCH_COUNT and BIZ_COUNT fields from mpsz_tidy with the flow data using the following code chunks.

mpsz_tidy <- mpsz %>%
  st_drop_geometry() %>%
  select(SUBZONE_C, SCH_COUNT, BIZ_COUNT)
fd <- flow_data %>% left_join(mpsz_tidy,
            by = c("DESTIN_SZ" = "SUBZONE_C")) %>%
  rename(DIST = dist, TRIPS = MORNING_PEAK)

Let us check for 0 values.

summary(fd)
  ORIGIN_SZ          DESTIN_SZ             TRIPS             DIST      
 Length:14734       Length:14734       Min.   :     1   Min.   :   50  
 Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:    14   1st Qu.: 3346  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :    76   Median : 6067  
                                       Mean   :  1021   Mean   : 6880  
                                       3rd Qu.:   426   3rd Qu.: 9729  
                                       Max.   :232187   Max.   :26136  
 ORIGIN_AGE7_12    ORIGIN_AGE13_24    ORIGIN_AGE25_64    DESTIN_AGE7_12   
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :   0.99  
 1st Qu.: 240.00   1st Qu.:  440.00   1st Qu.: 2200.00   1st Qu.: 240.00  
 Median : 700.00   Median : 1350.00   Median : 6810.00   Median : 720.00  
 Mean   :1031.86   Mean   : 2268.84   Mean   :10487.62   Mean   :1033.40  
 3rd Qu.:1480.00   3rd Qu.: 3260.00   3rd Qu.:15770.00   3rd Qu.:1500.00  
 Max.   :6340.00   Max.   :16380.00   Max.   :74610.00   Max.   :6340.00  
 DESTIN_AGE13_24    DESTIN_AGE25_64     SCHOOL_COUNT     RETAIL_COUNT   
 Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   : 0.990   Min.   :  0.99  
 1st Qu.:  460.00   1st Qu.: 2200.00   1st Qu.: 0.990   1st Qu.:  0.99  
 Median : 1420.00   Median : 7030.00   Median : 1.000   Median :  3.00  
 Mean   : 2290.35   Mean   :10574.46   Mean   : 1.987   Mean   : 16.47  
 3rd Qu.: 3260.00   3rd Qu.:15830.00   3rd Qu.: 2.000   3rd Qu.: 12.00  
 Max.   :16380.00   Max.   :74610.00   Max.   :12.000   Max.   :307.00  
   SCH_COUNT        BIZ_COUNT               geometry    
 Min.   : 0.010   Min.   :  0.01   LINESTRING   :14734  
 1st Qu.: 0.010   1st Qu.:  0.01   epsg:3414    :    0  
 Median : 1.000   Median :  3.00   +proj=tmer...:    0  
 Mean   : 1.587   Mean   : 16.18                        
 3rd Qu.: 2.000   3rd Qu.: 12.00                        
 Max.   :12.000   Max.   :307.00                        
write_rds(fd, "data/rds/flow_data_tidy2.rds")
head(fd,10)
Simple feature collection with 10 features and 14 fields
Geometry type: LINESTRING
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 27445.77 ymin: 38478.99 xmax: 30485.51 ymax: 40971.42
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM
   ORIGIN_SZ DESTIN_SZ TRIPS      DIST ORIGIN_AGE7_12 ORIGIN_AGE13_24
1     AMSZ01    AMSZ01  1998   50.0000            310             710
2     AMSZ01    AMSZ02  8289  810.4491            310             710
3     AMSZ01    AMSZ03  8971 1360.9294            310             710
4     AMSZ01    AMSZ04  2252  840.4432            310             710
5     AMSZ01    AMSZ05  6136 1076.7916            310             710
6     AMSZ01    AMSZ06  2148  805.2979            310             710
7     AMSZ01    AMSZ07  1620 1798.7526            310             710
8     AMSZ01    AMSZ08  1925 2576.0199            310             710
9     AMSZ01    AMSZ09  1773 1204.2846            310             710
10    AMSZ01    AMSZ10    63 1417.8035            310             710
   ORIGIN_AGE25_64 DESTIN_AGE7_12 DESTIN_AGE13_24 DESTIN_AGE25_64 SCHOOL_COUNT
1             2780         310.00          710.00         2780.00         0.99
2             2780        1140.00         2770.00        15700.00         2.00
3             2780        1010.00         2650.00        14240.00         2.00
4             2780         980.00         2000.00        11320.00         1.00
5             2780         810.00         1920.00         9650.00         3.00
6             2780        1050.00         2390.00        12460.00         2.00
7             2780         420.00         1120.00         3620.00         0.99
8             2780         390.00         1150.00         4350.00         0.99
9             2780        1190.00         3260.00        13350.00         3.00
10            2780           0.99            0.99            0.99         1.00
   RETAIL_COUNT SCH_COUNT BIZ_COUNT                       geometry
1          1.00      0.01      1.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
2          0.99      2.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
3          6.00      2.00      6.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
4          0.99      1.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
5          0.99      3.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
6          0.99      2.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
7          1.00      0.01      1.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
8        117.00      0.01    117.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
9          0.99      3.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
10        20.00      1.00     20.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
fd_df <- fd %>%
  st_drop_geometry()
glimpse(fd_df)
Rows: 14,734
Columns: 14
$ ORIGIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMS…
$ DESTIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ01", "AMSZ02", "AMSZ03", "AMSZ04", "AMSZ05", "AMS…
$ TRIPS           <dbl> 1998, 8289, 8971, 2252, 6136, 2148, 1620, 1925, 1773, …
$ DIST            <dbl> 50.0000, 810.4491, 1360.9294, 840.4432, 1076.7916, 805…
$ ORIGIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, …
$ DESTIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 310.00, 1140.00, 1010.00, 980.00, 810.00, 1050.00, 420…
$ DESTIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 710.00, 2770.00, 2650.00, 2000.00, 1920.00, 2390.00, 1…
$ DESTIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 2780.00, 15700.00, 14240.00, 11320.00, 9650.00, 12460.…
$ SCHOOL_COUNT    <dbl> 0.99, 2.00, 2.00, 1.00, 3.00, 2.00, 0.99, 0.99, 3.00, …
$ RETAIL_COUNT    <dbl> 1.00, 0.99, 6.00, 0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 117.00, 0.99…
$ SCH_COUNT       <dbl> 0.01, 2.00, 2.00, 1.00, 3.00, 2.00, 0.01, 0.01, 3.00, …
$ BIZ_COUNT       <dbl> 1.00, 0.01, 6.00, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 1.00, 117.00, 0.01…

Since spatial interaction models on interzonal trips, we will only retain those rows where ORIGIN_SZ not equals to DESTIN_SZ because it means that these flows are between the zones.

fd_inter <- fd %>%
  filter(ORIGIN_SZ != DESTIN_SZ)
head(fd_inter, 10)
Simple feature collection with 10 features and 14 fields
Geometry type: LINESTRING
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 27445.77 ymin: 38478.99 xmax: 30485.51 ymax: 41733.81
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM
   ORIGIN_SZ DESTIN_SZ TRIPS      DIST ORIGIN_AGE7_12 ORIGIN_AGE13_24
1     AMSZ01    AMSZ02  8289  810.4491            310             710
2     AMSZ01    AMSZ03  8971 1360.9294            310             710
3     AMSZ01    AMSZ04  2252  840.4432            310             710
4     AMSZ01    AMSZ05  6136 1076.7916            310             710
5     AMSZ01    AMSZ06  2148  805.2979            310             710
6     AMSZ01    AMSZ07  1620 1798.7526            310             710
7     AMSZ01    AMSZ08  1925 2576.0199            310             710
8     AMSZ01    AMSZ09  1773 1204.2846            310             710
9     AMSZ01    AMSZ10    63 1417.8035            310             710
10    AMSZ01    AMSZ11   542 2314.4079            310             710
   ORIGIN_AGE25_64 DESTIN_AGE7_12 DESTIN_AGE13_24 DESTIN_AGE25_64 SCHOOL_COUNT
1             2780        1140.00         2770.00        15700.00         2.00
2             2780        1010.00         2650.00        14240.00         2.00
3             2780         980.00         2000.00        11320.00         1.00
4             2780         810.00         1920.00         9650.00         3.00
5             2780        1050.00         2390.00        12460.00         2.00
6             2780         420.00         1120.00         3620.00         0.99
7             2780         390.00         1150.00         4350.00         0.99
8             2780        1190.00         3260.00        13350.00         3.00
9             2780           0.99            0.99            0.99         1.00
10            2780           0.99            0.99            0.99         0.99
   RETAIL_COUNT SCH_COUNT BIZ_COUNT                       geometry
1          0.99      2.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
2          6.00      2.00      6.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
3          0.99      1.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
4          0.99      3.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
5          0.99      2.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
6          1.00      0.01      1.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
7        117.00      0.01    117.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
8          0.99      3.00      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
9         20.00      1.00     20.00 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....
10         0.99      0.01      0.01 LINESTRING (29501.77 39419....

We will save this as the modelling data for Spatial Interaction Models

write_rds(fd_inter, "data/rds/SIM_data.rds")

Importing the modelling data

SIM_data <- read_rds("data/rds/SIM_data.rds")
glimpse(SIM_data)
Rows: 14,471
Columns: 15
$ ORIGIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMSZ01", "AMS…
$ DESTIN_SZ       <chr> "AMSZ02", "AMSZ03", "AMSZ04", "AMSZ05", "AMSZ06", "AMS…
$ TRIPS           <dbl> 8289, 8971, 2252, 6136, 2148, 1620, 1925, 1773, 63, 54…
$ DIST            <dbl> 810.4491, 1360.9294, 840.4432, 1076.7916, 805.2979, 17…
$ ORIGIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310, 310,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710, 710,…
$ ORIGIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, 2780, …
$ DESTIN_AGE7_12  <dbl> 1140.00, 1010.00, 980.00, 810.00, 1050.00, 420.00, 390…
$ DESTIN_AGE13_24 <dbl> 2770.00, 2650.00, 2000.00, 1920.00, 2390.00, 1120.00, …
$ DESTIN_AGE25_64 <dbl> 15700.00, 14240.00, 11320.00, 9650.00, 12460.00, 3620.…
$ SCHOOL_COUNT    <dbl> 2.00, 2.00, 1.00, 3.00, 2.00, 0.99, 0.99, 3.00, 1.00, …
$ RETAIL_COUNT    <dbl> 0.99, 6.00, 0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 117.00, 0.99, 20.0…
$ SCH_COUNT       <dbl> 2.00, 2.00, 1.00, 3.00, 2.00, 0.01, 0.01, 3.00, 1.00, …
$ BIZ_COUNT       <dbl> 0.01, 6.00, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 1.00, 117.00, 0.01, 20.0…
$ geometry        <LINESTRING [m]> LINESTRING (29501.77 39419...., LINESTRING …

Visualing the dependent variable

ggplot(data = SIM_data,
       aes(x = TRIPS)) + 
  geom_histogram()

Note that the distribution is highly skewed and does not resemble a normal distribution.

ggplot(data = SIM_data, 
       aes(x = DIST,
           y = TRIPS)) +
  geom_point() + 
  geom_smooth(method = lm)

summary(SIM_data)
  ORIGIN_SZ          DESTIN_SZ             TRIPS               DIST        
 Length:14471       Length:14471       Min.   :     1.0   Min.   :  173.8  
 Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:    14.0   1st Qu.: 3498.5  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :    73.0   Median : 6181.8  
                                       Mean   :   855.1   Mean   : 7004.2  
                                       3rd Qu.:   393.0   3rd Qu.: 9796.4  
                                       Max.   :148274.0   Max.   :26135.8  
 ORIGIN_AGE7_12    ORIGIN_AGE13_24    ORIGIN_AGE25_64    DESTIN_AGE7_12   
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :   0.99  
 1st Qu.: 240.00   1st Qu.:  460.00   1st Qu.: 2210.00   1st Qu.: 250.00  
 Median : 700.00   Median : 1350.00   Median : 7030.00   Median : 720.00  
 Mean   :1034.15   Mean   : 2274.15   Mean   :10516.44   Mean   :1035.72  
 3rd Qu.:1500.00   3rd Qu.: 3260.00   3rd Qu.:15770.00   3rd Qu.:1500.00  
 Max.   :6340.00   Max.   :16380.00   Max.   :74610.00   Max.   :6340.00  
 DESTIN_AGE13_24    DESTIN_AGE25_64     SCHOOL_COUNT    RETAIL_COUNT   
 Min.   :    0.99   Min.   :    0.99   Min.   : 0.99   Min.   :  0.99  
 1st Qu.:  460.00   1st Qu.: 2210.00   1st Qu.: 0.99   1st Qu.:  0.99  
 Median : 1430.00   Median : 7030.00   Median : 1.00   Median :  3.00  
 Mean   : 2296.06   Mean   :10604.87   Mean   : 1.99   Mean   : 16.35  
 3rd Qu.: 3260.00   3rd Qu.:15830.00   3rd Qu.: 2.00   3rd Qu.: 12.00  
 Max.   :16380.00   Max.   :74610.00   Max.   :12.00   Max.   :307.00  
   SCH_COUNT        BIZ_COUNT               geometry    
 Min.   : 0.010   Min.   :  0.01   LINESTRING   :14471  
 1st Qu.: 0.010   1st Qu.:  0.01   epsg:3414    :    0  
 Median : 1.000   Median :  3.00   +proj=tmer...:    0  
 Mean   : 1.592   Mean   : 16.06                        
 3rd Qu.: 2.000   3rd Qu.: 12.00                        
 Max.   :12.000   Max.   :307.00                        

11 Origin constrained Spatial Interaction Model

orcSIM <- glm(formula = TRIPS ~ 
                 ORIGIN_SZ +
                 log(SCH_COUNT) + log(BIZ_COUNT) +
                 log(DIST) - 1,
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = SIM_data,
              na.action = na.exclude)

summary(orcSIM)

Call:
glm(formula = TRIPS ~ ORIGIN_SZ + log(SCH_COUNT) + log(BIZ_COUNT) + 
    log(DIST) - 1, family = poisson(link = "log"), data = SIM_data, 
    na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients:
                  Estimate Std. Error  z value Pr(>|z|)    
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ01  2.058e+01  4.775e-03  4309.35   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ02  2.124e+01  4.275e-03  4969.12   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ03  2.089e+01  4.553e-03  4589.20   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ04  2.045e+01  4.978e-03  4107.61   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ05  2.037e+01  5.648e-03  3606.69   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ06  2.070e+01  4.908e-03  4218.09   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ07  1.945e+01  9.641e-03  2017.39   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ08  2.001e+01  9.085e-03  2202.65   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ09  2.064e+01  5.286e-03  3905.34   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ10  2.112e+01  4.615e-03  4575.42   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ11  1.901e+01  1.291e-02  1472.49   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ12  1.900e+01  1.096e-02  1733.92   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ01  2.170e+01  4.311e-03  5033.61   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ02  2.125e+01  5.034e-03  4221.52   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ03  2.146e+01  4.500e-03  4767.72   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ04  2.247e+01  3.900e-03  5763.18   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ05  2.144e+01  4.590e-03  4671.45   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ06  2.170e+01  4.629e-03  4689.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ07  1.978e+01  9.787e-03  2020.59   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ08  2.008e+01  9.142e-03  2196.69   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ01  2.023e+01  6.474e-03  3124.20   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ02  2.089e+01  5.027e-03  4155.94   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ03  2.113e+01  4.735e-03  4461.97   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ04  2.035e+01  5.981e-03  3402.51   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ05  2.031e+01  6.328e-03  3209.57   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ06  2.045e+01  5.649e-03  3619.45   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ07  2.112e+01  4.202e-03  5025.91   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ08  2.047e+01  5.040e-03  4061.85   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ09  2.054e+01  5.576e-03  3684.26   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ01  1.868e+01  1.490e-02  1253.40   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ02  1.833e+01  1.924e-02   952.67   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ03  1.748e+01  4.632e-02   377.31   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ04  1.872e+01  2.334e-02   802.33   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ01  2.065e+01  5.275e-03  3915.33   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ02  1.919e+01  6.656e-03  2883.44   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ03  1.991e+01  5.480e-03  3633.83   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ04  2.009e+01  4.958e-03  4051.09   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ05  1.747e+01  1.688e-02  1035.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ06  1.748e+01  1.818e-02   961.03   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ07  1.989e+01  5.626e-03  3534.68   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ08  1.966e+01  5.577e-03  3526.18   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ09  1.929e+01  8.631e-03  2234.97   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ10  1.883e+01  8.910e-03  2113.77   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ11  1.942e+01  6.327e-03  3068.77   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ12  1.932e+01  9.296e-03  2077.94   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ13  2.019e+01  5.761e-03  3504.16   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ14  1.961e+01  6.341e-03  3092.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ15  2.000e+01  5.824e-03  3434.13   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ16  1.904e+01  9.268e-03  2054.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ17  1.884e+01  1.576e-02  1195.51   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ01  2.084e+01  5.387e-03  3868.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ02  2.029e+01  6.143e-03  3302.74   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ03  2.060e+01  6.009e-03  3428.36   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ04  2.108e+01  4.827e-03  4367.56   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ05  2.127e+01  4.400e-03  4833.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ06  1.954e+01  9.369e-03  2085.80   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ07  2.012e+01  8.797e-03  2287.24   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ01  2.072e+01  5.666e-03  3656.98   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ02  2.090e+01  4.712e-03  4434.29   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ03  2.015e+01  5.252e-03  3837.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ01  2.069e+01  5.855e-03  3534.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ02  2.002e+01  8.145e-03  2457.63   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ03  2.026e+01  6.901e-03  2936.08   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ04  1.948e+01  1.040e-02  1872.89   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ05  1.951e+01  1.207e-02  1616.76   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ06  1.942e+01  9.464e-03  2051.78   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ07  1.827e+01  1.416e-02  1290.24   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ08  1.932e+01  1.095e-02  1763.42   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCBSZ01  1.915e+01  5.483e-02   349.26   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCCSZ01  1.970e+01  1.395e-02  1412.41   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ01  2.047e+01  1.210e-02  1692.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ02  2.007e+01  8.147e-03  2463.91   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ03  2.210e+01  6.353e-03  3478.43   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ01  2.078e+01  4.939e-03  4208.63   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ02  2.124e+01  5.041e-03  4213.79   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ03  2.152e+01  4.259e-03  5053.03   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ04  2.210e+01  4.270e-03  5176.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ05  2.160e+01  4.945e-03  4369.02   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ06  2.108e+01  7.201e-03  2927.44   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ01  2.000e+01  7.661e-03  2611.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ02  1.906e+01  1.354e-02  1407.50   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ03  1.974e+01  8.023e-03  2460.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ04  2.154e+01  4.276e-03  5038.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ05  1.890e+01  1.468e-02  1287.26   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ06  2.148e+01  3.957e-03  5428.45   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ07  2.040e+01  5.445e-03  3746.55   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ08  2.081e+01  5.720e-03  3637.86   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ09  1.923e+01  1.654e-02  1162.76   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ02  1.655e+01  8.340e-02   198.46   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ03  1.684e+01  7.380e-02   228.19   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ13  1.748e+01  3.125e-02   559.58   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ01  1.888e+01  9.605e-03  1965.93   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ02  2.057e+01  4.891e-03  4205.78   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ03  2.053e+01  5.300e-03  3874.04   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ04  2.143e+01  4.121e-03  5200.39   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ05  2.131e+01  4.290e-03  4967.37   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ01  2.074e+01  4.467e-03  4642.60   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ02  2.104e+01  4.482e-03  4694.76   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ03  2.076e+01  4.883e-03  4250.66   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ04  2.147e+01  4.052e-03  5298.25   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ05  2.166e+01  3.992e-03  5425.19   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ06  2.039e+01  5.408e-03  3770.50   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ07  2.089e+01  4.600e-03  4542.53   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ08  2.053e+01  5.223e-03  3930.56   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ09  1.918e+01  6.964e-03  2753.93   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ10  1.761e+01  4.210e-02   418.20   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ01  2.108e+01  4.704e-03  4480.13   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ02  2.077e+01  4.658e-03  4459.71   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ03  2.064e+01  4.995e-03  4131.81   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ04  1.922e+01  9.920e-03  1937.39   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ05  1.853e+01  1.389e-02  1334.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ06  2.075e+01  4.515e-03  4594.69   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ07  1.885e+01  1.173e-02  1607.00   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ08  1.961e+01  1.164e-02  1684.43   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ09  2.131e+01  4.866e-03  4379.10   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ10  1.936e+01  1.912e-02  1012.11   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ11  1.896e+01  1.970e-02   962.16   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ01  2.140e+01  6.330e-03  3381.61   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ02  2.165e+01  4.240e-03  5107.53   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ03  2.200e+01  3.980e-03  5528.76   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ04  2.119e+01  4.639e-03  4569.12   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ05  1.888e+01  1.288e-02  1465.15   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ06  1.965e+01  1.077e-02  1825.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ07  1.841e+01  2.771e-02   664.34   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ08  2.265e+01  3.754e-03  6035.06   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ09  2.242e+01  3.637e-03  6165.16   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ01  2.072e+01  4.785e-03  4329.06   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ02  1.981e+01  6.231e-03  3178.83   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ03  1.999e+01  5.717e-03  3495.99   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ04  1.836e+01  1.198e-02  1532.18   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ05  1.937e+01  1.076e-02  1799.40   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ06  1.455e+01  1.857e-01    78.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ07  1.931e+01  8.491e-03  2274.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ08  1.876e+01  1.015e-02  1847.02   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZLKSZ01  1.872e+01  3.971e-02   471.51   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ01  1.962e+01  2.855e-02   687.23   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ02  2.000e+01  1.028e-02  1946.87   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ03  1.863e+01  1.696e-02  1098.20   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ01  1.979e+01  8.385e-03  2360.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ02  1.993e+01  6.811e-03  2925.92   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ03  2.067e+01  5.435e-03  3803.41   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMUSZ02  1.642e+01  1.037e-01   158.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ01  1.772e+01  3.525e-02   502.55   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ02  1.727e+01  2.332e-02   740.52   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ03  1.957e+01  7.592e-03  2577.55   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ05  1.651e+01  4.959e-02   333.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ06  1.571e+01  5.570e-02   282.10   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ01  2.084e+01  4.340e-03  4801.89   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ02  1.989e+01  6.536e-03  3043.18   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ03  1.948e+01  8.040e-03  2423.06   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ04  1.959e+01  9.103e-03  2152.44   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ05  1.829e+01  1.681e-02  1087.98   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ01  2.014e+01  1.229e-02  1639.02   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ02  2.018e+01  7.300e-03  2764.14   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ03  2.128e+01  4.549e-03  4678.48   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ04  2.186e+01  4.154e-03  5262.60   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ05  2.090e+01  5.708e-03  3661.45   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ01  1.996e+01  1.199e-02  1664.25   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ02  1.965e+01  1.498e-02  1311.28   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ03  1.897e+01  3.717e-02   510.42   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ04  1.790e+01  3.703e-02   483.52   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ05  1.866e+01  2.250e-02   829.07   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ01  2.203e+01  4.495e-03  4901.94   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ02  2.090e+01  1.114e-02  1876.60   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ03  1.887e+01  1.935e-02   975.06   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ04  1.809e+01  3.349e-02   540.04   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ05  1.929e+01  2.755e-02   700.06   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ01  2.070e+01  1.174e-02  1762.73   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ02  2.190e+01  4.488e-03  4880.34   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ03  2.153e+01  4.551e-03  4730.91   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ04  2.054e+01  7.485e-03  2744.26   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ05  2.219e+01  4.202e-03  5281.12   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ06  1.976e+01  1.173e-02  1684.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ07  1.820e+01  1.624e-02  1120.66   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ08  2.089e+01  6.215e-03  3361.51   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ01  2.044e+01  6.658e-03  3069.63   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ02  1.989e+01  6.160e-03  3228.58   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ03  2.028e+01  5.597e-03  3623.83   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ04  1.946e+01  7.310e-03  2662.16   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ05  1.991e+01  6.250e-03  3185.17   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ06  1.981e+01  6.553e-03  3023.07   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ07  1.920e+01  9.545e-03  2011.90   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ08  2.035e+01  6.159e-03  3303.87   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ09  2.000e+01  7.017e-03  2850.03   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ10  2.030e+01  6.469e-03  3137.41   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ11  1.851e+01  1.438e-02  1287.57   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ12  1.798e+01  1.868e-02   962.18   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ13  2.010e+01  7.901e-03  2544.34   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ14  1.881e+01  1.222e-02  1539.74   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ15  2.017e+01  1.210e-02  1667.80   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRCSZ01  1.866e+01  1.249e-02  1493.75   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRCSZ06  1.935e+01  8.207e-03  2357.48   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ01  1.744e+01  3.238e-02   538.72   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ02  1.699e+01  2.769e-02   613.77   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ03  1.727e+01  2.450e-02   704.76   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ04  1.660e+01  5.564e-02   298.33   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ05  1.767e+01  1.642e-02  1075.89   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ01  2.077e+01  6.239e-03  3328.73   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ02  1.995e+01  8.093e-03  2464.85   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ03  2.142e+01  4.494e-03  4766.84   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ04  2.133e+01  5.043e-03  4229.42   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ05  2.042e+01  6.541e-03  3121.35   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ06  1.959e+01  1.712e-02  1144.75   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ07  2.017e+01  1.245e-02  1619.83   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ08  1.955e+01  1.406e-02  1390.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ09  1.975e+01  8.839e-03  2234.72   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ02  2.169e+01  4.174e-03  5196.52   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ03  2.168e+01  3.960e-03  5476.47   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ04  2.138e+01  4.635e-03  4612.33   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ05  2.032e+01  5.899e-03  3444.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ06  2.151e+01  4.589e-03  4687.84   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ07  1.840e+01  1.958e-02   939.58   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ01  1.983e+01  8.571e-03  2313.54   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ02  1.918e+01  1.020e-02  1880.77   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ03  2.074e+01  5.048e-03  4107.82   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ04  2.087e+01  4.703e-03  4436.46   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ05  1.862e+01  1.076e-02  1729.90   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ06  2.086e+01  4.421e-03  4717.12   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ07  1.969e+01  6.283e-03  3133.96   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ01  2.069e+01  8.522e-03  2428.05   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ02  2.166e+01  5.544e-03  3907.19   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ03  2.042e+01  8.068e-03  2531.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ04  1.886e+01  2.758e-02   684.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ05  1.994e+01  1.556e-02  1281.47   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSLSZ01  1.791e+01  3.294e-02   543.57   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSLSZ04  2.037e+01  7.672e-03  2654.75   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSRSZ01  1.738e+01  1.619e-02  1073.24   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ01  1.872e+01  4.886e-02   383.15   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ03  1.932e+01  2.238e-02   863.38   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ04  1.808e+01  2.863e-02   631.61   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ06  1.855e+01  1.834e-02  1011.21   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ01  2.121e+01  5.634e-03  3765.30   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ02  2.283e+01  3.740e-03  6105.95   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ03  2.218e+01  4.057e-03  5466.52   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ04  2.164e+01  4.974e-03  4350.62   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ05  2.018e+01  1.128e-02  1789.64   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ01  1.861e+01  1.284e-02  1449.62   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ02  1.862e+01  9.837e-03  1892.63   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ03  1.831e+01  1.347e-02  1359.84   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ04  2.007e+01  7.387e-03  2716.37   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ01  1.974e+01  6.553e-03  3012.57   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ02  2.092e+01  4.131e-03  5064.53   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ03  1.975e+01  5.936e-03  3326.82   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ04  1.973e+01  5.458e-03  3613.91   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ05  1.990e+01  5.834e-03  3411.39   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ06  2.019e+01  5.498e-03  3671.79   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ07  2.010e+01  6.036e-03  3330.96   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ08  1.933e+01  9.560e-03  2022.39   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ09  1.964e+01  6.691e-03  2935.34   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ10  1.940e+01  7.590e-03  2555.44   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ11  2.034e+01  5.391e-03  3773.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ12  1.982e+01  6.565e-03  3019.86   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ01  1.847e+01  4.790e-02   385.65   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ02  2.153e+01  8.181e-03  2631.25   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ03  2.111e+01  8.477e-03  2490.09   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ04  2.109e+01  8.888e-03  2372.50   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ05  2.040e+01  1.514e-02  1348.09   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ06  2.197e+01  1.782e-02  1232.53   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ01  2.165e+01  8.665e-03  2499.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ02  1.845e+01  3.289e-02   561.01   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ03  1.551e+01  1.241e-01   125.04   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ01  2.207e+01  3.791e-03  5822.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ02  2.149e+01  4.437e-03  4843.51   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ03  2.214e+01  4.163e-03  5319.22   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ04  2.201e+01  4.845e-03  4541.89   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ05  2.120e+01  5.173e-03  4098.14   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ06  2.153e+01  4.941e-03  4356.91   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ07  1.984e+01  8.275e-03  2397.15   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ08  2.000e+01  8.062e-03  2481.00   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ09  2.229e+01  4.067e-03  5480.23   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ01  2.032e+01  5.739e-03  3541.27   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ02  2.163e+01  4.837e-03  4472.10   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ03  2.248e+01  3.992e-03  5631.40   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ04  2.171e+01  4.364e-03  4974.11   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ05  2.093e+01  5.846e-03  3580.41   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ06  1.992e+01  1.167e-02  1706.24   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ07  1.965e+01  1.417e-02  1386.32   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ08  2.078e+01  6.119e-03  3395.20   <2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ09  2.177e+01  4.039e-03  5389.83   <2e-16 ***
log(SCH_COUNT)   9.221e-02  1.204e-04   765.54   <2e-16 ***
log(BIZ_COUNT)   8.804e-02  9.532e-05   923.68   <2e-16 ***
log(DIST)       -1.707e+00  4.100e-04 -4163.01   <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 189463537  on 14471  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance:  15816827  on 14189  degrees of freedom
AIC: 15906530

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 7

dist is the impedience

add a ‘-1’ to remove the intercept because origin/dest constrained dun need an intercept.

look at the impt of sch_count, biz_count, log(dist)

check the parameters alpha, beta and gamma values (see slide 8 of lect 3, gravity models)

CalcRSquared <- function(observed,estimated){
  r <- cor(observed,estimated)
  R2 <- r^2
  R2
}
CalcRSquared(orcSIM$data$TRIPS, orcSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.4157827

12 Destination Constrained Spatial Interaction Model

decSIM <- glm(formula = TRIPS ~ 
                 DESTIN_SZ +
                 log(SCH_COUNT) + log(BIZ_COUNT) +
                 log(DIST) - 1,
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = SIM_data,
              na.action = na.exclude)

summary(decSIM)

Call:
glm(formula = TRIPS ~ DESTIN_SZ + log(SCH_COUNT) + log(BIZ_COUNT) + 
    log(DIST) - 1, family = poisson(link = "log"), data = SIM_data, 
    na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients: (2 not defined because of singularities)
                  Estimate Std. Error  z value Pr(>|z|)    
DESTIN_SZAMSZ01 21.1707732  0.0043061  4916.50   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ02 21.2078744  0.0045468  4664.38   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ03 21.3013201  0.0044813  4753.42   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ04 20.1308111  0.0064133  3138.93   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ05 20.0506878  0.0065018  3083.86   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ06 20.0451017  0.0064487  3108.40   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ07 19.5826783  0.0097695  2004.47   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ08 20.5737364  0.0070282  2927.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ09 20.1033435  0.0066166  3038.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ10 21.1095528  0.0046595  4530.43   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ11 20.4752463  0.0086989  2353.77   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ12 21.3327820  0.0050851  4195.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ01 22.1599964  0.0042575  5204.92   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ02 21.5725622  0.0054426  3963.67   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ03 21.5623108  0.0050035  4309.49   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ04 22.5476678  0.0041405  5445.62   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ05 22.1161185  0.0043537  5079.89   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ06 21.8637442  0.0048487  4509.20   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ07 20.8019112  0.0096760  2149.85   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ08 20.1783209  0.0110094  1832.83   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ01 20.1613906  0.0068518  2942.48   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ02 21.0060781  0.0056719  3703.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ03 20.4005278  0.0060403  3377.42   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ04 20.9578866  0.0050213  4173.80   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ05 20.2484852  0.0067233  3011.70   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ06 20.1610445  0.0062458  3227.92   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ07 21.2226420  0.0043081  4926.25   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ08 19.9407082  0.0070515  2827.87   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ09 20.9449602  0.0050867  4117.62   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ01 20.3549866  0.0071063  2864.35   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ02 20.8680588  0.0065532  3184.41   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ03 21.9666123  0.0074494  2948.77   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ04 20.0608960  0.0132173  1517.77   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ01 21.0397725  0.0051030  4123.04   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ02 20.2136377  0.0049343  4096.57   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ03 19.8975077  0.0057018  3489.68   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ04 19.9672544  0.0050852  3926.55   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ05 20.0404560  0.0069267  2893.22   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ06 18.8757661  0.0131578  1434.57   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ07 20.7776286  0.0047459  4378.01   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ08 19.3422399  0.0064714  2988.87   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ09 17.8682028  0.0152416  1172.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ10 18.7038758  0.0088997  2101.62   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ11 18.9932471  0.0080602  2356.42   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ12 19.6174244  0.0079721  2460.76   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ13 20.4715383  0.0054480  3757.65   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ14 19.3024793  0.0077088  2503.95   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ15 19.5269009  0.0070893  2754.43   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ16 18.6388498  0.0114112  1633.38   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ17 18.7799088  0.0166345  1128.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ01 20.4774150  0.0056648  3614.85   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ02 19.6017581  0.0084527  2318.98   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ03 19.9321269  0.0080819  2466.27   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ04 20.6870481  0.0060202  3436.25   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ05 21.6162685  0.0041774  5174.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ06 20.4807757  0.0078844  2597.64   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ07 21.1369881  0.0081303  2599.77   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ01 21.1811139  0.0051948  4077.34   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ02 20.5179325  0.0057516  3567.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ03 21.3589852  0.0043402  4921.24   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ01 21.5090129  0.0045965  4679.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ02 20.9831852  0.0070245  2987.16   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ03 21.1683763  0.0056374  3754.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ04 19.7596396  0.0108950  1813.65   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ05 20.8687672  0.0070802  2947.49   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ06 20.2638437  0.0072195  2806.84   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ07 19.1141699  0.0111203  1718.86   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ08 19.5399477  0.0100763  1939.19   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCBSZ01 16.4813511  0.3162466    52.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCCSZ01 20.8532304  0.0083758  2489.71   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCHSZ01 20.9482470  0.0098587  2124.85   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCHSZ02 21.1179780  0.0052656  4010.56   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCHSZ03 23.7499643  0.0044918  5287.46   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ01 21.2088192  0.0050017  4240.34   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ02 20.6352040  0.0056894  3626.95   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ03 21.8987323  0.0039865  5493.28   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ04 20.7779858  0.0065557  3169.46   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ05 20.9442110  0.0067538  3101.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ06 21.5499768  0.0063637  3386.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ01 21.3693521  0.0048795  4379.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ02 18.9594111  0.0133951  1415.40   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ03 20.2451898  0.0079855  2535.24   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ04 20.9929209  0.0047947  4378.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ05 20.1542496  0.0084907  2373.68   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ06 21.2489954  0.0043420  4893.84   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ07 20.5420545  0.0054687  3756.29   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ08 20.7590701  0.0060710  3419.37   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ09 21.4620539  0.0064648  3319.83   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ02 18.3265114  0.0348776   525.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ03 19.8807574  0.0144511  1375.73   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ13 19.2457175  0.0162150  1186.91   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ01 20.8381283  0.0052220  3990.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ02 20.8283752  0.0051523  4042.54   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ03 21.8107533  0.0043031  5068.56   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ04 21.6548798  0.0042839  5054.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ05 21.8082295  0.0043324  5033.80   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ01 21.5895719  0.0040415  5341.91   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ02 20.7214803  0.0054830  3779.24   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ03 20.3047297  0.0064779  3134.48   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ04 21.0351882  0.0046895  4485.55   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ05 21.0004756  0.0049963  4203.24   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ06 20.4916323  0.0058980  3474.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ07 21.2827986  0.0046912  4536.76   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ08 21.0245579  0.0051943  4047.61   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ09 21.3185959  0.0054159  3936.31   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ10 18.0087281  0.0262120   687.04   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ01 21.0913748  0.0051232  4116.83   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ02 20.5641247  0.0053457  3846.88   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ03 20.4197922  0.0058086  3515.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ04 20.5754533  0.0068670  2996.28   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ05 19.7451463  0.0098504  2004.51   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ06 21.2459297  0.0041258  5149.59   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ07 19.8436708  0.0082194  2414.25   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ08 20.6605698  0.0080233  2575.07   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ09 20.8393990  0.0059470  3504.21   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ10 21.6399787  0.0070874  3053.32   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ11 21.8820680  0.0066655  3282.90   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ01 20.8794884  0.0066662  3132.16   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ02 20.9782173  0.0054337  3860.75   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ03 22.0227195  0.0042783  5147.57   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ04 21.6461913  0.0043795  4942.61   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ05 20.6911372  0.0061907  3342.28   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ06 21.1878071  0.0055893  3790.79   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ07 19.0428169  0.0282705   673.59   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ08 21.8903544  0.0050012  4376.98   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ09 22.5424980  0.0036936  6103.06   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ01 20.4634268  0.0056420  3626.98   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ02 20.2478216  0.0059129  3424.34   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ03 19.8695026  0.0067009  2965.21   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ04 19.2897316  0.0088709  2174.49   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ05 20.4770370  0.0086509  2367.05   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ06 18.1276772  0.0362109   500.61   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ07 19.8374632  0.0067383  2943.99   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ08 20.4060780  0.0052667  3874.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZLKSZ01 20.2059596  0.0206353   979.19   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ01 20.1278738  0.0200890  1001.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ02 20.1619389  0.0112827  1786.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ03 18.4522837  0.0252315   731.32   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ01 20.5799332  0.0079633  2584.35   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ02 20.6316833  0.0062508  3300.64   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ03 21.4621615  0.0050542  4246.37   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMUSZ02 18.2421629  0.0199779   913.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ01 17.0945488  0.0447827   381.72   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ02 18.8831776  0.0108934  1733.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ03 19.3791626  0.0076350  2538.21   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ05 17.6488863  0.0249157   708.35   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ06 16.9605339  0.0428385   395.92   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ01 20.6195831  0.0049645  4153.43   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ02 20.4864758  0.0055142  3715.19   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ03 20.6593888  0.0056869  3632.80   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ04 19.2098031  0.0109717  1750.86   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ05 19.5425604  0.0091838  2127.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ01 20.1114052  0.0158000  1272.87   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ02 20.5911926  0.0070070  2938.65   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ03 21.5617486  0.0046202  4666.81   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ04 21.6265975  0.0047271  4575.06   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ05 20.6582587  0.0079272  2606.00   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ01 21.0374316  0.0072946  2883.99   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ02 20.1998476  0.0133686  1510.99   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ03 20.5622087  0.0095875  2144.69   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ04 18.4282724  0.0091170  2021.31   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ05 20.3290145  0.0117543  1729.50   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ01 21.1585918  0.0061564  3436.84   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ02 21.9339216  0.0064986  3375.18   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ03 21.0664486  0.0077158  2730.30   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ04 22.2058965  0.0075647  2935.48   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ05 21.3979375  0.0116638  1834.56   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ01 20.5404495  0.0087571  2345.59   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ02 21.4350373  0.0054455  3936.25   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ03 22.1878608  0.0041362  5364.27   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ04 21.3787623  0.0081675  2617.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ05 21.5125691  0.0051256  4197.04   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ06 21.7098256  0.0056265  3858.50   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ07 19.2373819  0.0117872  1632.06   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ08 20.9797582  0.0066625  3148.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ01 19.8325026  0.0086624  2289.49   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ02 19.6742323  0.0075310  2612.42   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ03 19.7928367  0.0069200  2860.24   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ04 19.8934383  0.0068995  2883.31   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ05 19.8133562  0.0065317  3033.40   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ06 19.6444600  0.0067951  2890.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ07 19.2121502  0.0109930  1747.68   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ08 20.7404258  0.0052550  3946.79   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ09 20.3287578  0.0061674  3296.18   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ10 20.7150297  0.0056284  3680.41   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ11 20.8565966  0.0057354  3636.46   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ12 20.0673193  0.0083219  2411.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ13 20.9662093  0.0058825  3564.14   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ14 20.8944486  0.0067154  3111.42   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ15 21.7362310  0.0080957  2684.93   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRCSZ01 20.3486603  0.0071929  2829.01   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRCSZ06 19.6132187  0.0189618  1034.36   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ01 18.3911351  0.0162530  1131.55   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ02 18.2913339  0.0326496   560.23   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ03 18.2592035  0.0136378  1338.87   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ04 18.6470250  0.0155120  1202.10   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ05 17.1649094  0.0261496   656.41   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ01 19.9524234  0.0091540  2179.64   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ02 20.0804522  0.0077562  2588.95   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ03 21.7762933  0.0044476  4896.16   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ04 21.5453770  0.0053316  4041.07   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ05 20.0832389  0.0077331  2597.06   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ06 19.3437539  0.0222063   871.10   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ07 20.6325615  0.0182563  1130.16   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ08 22.3438417  0.0053594  4169.07   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ09 21.5837084  0.0049381  4370.81   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ02 21.2641879  0.0050368  4221.80   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ03 21.9405172  0.0040040  5479.67   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ04 20.7374472  0.0058278  3558.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ05 21.0590183  0.0049582  4247.31   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ06 20.7934877  0.0065375  3180.65   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ07 18.3637043  0.0227679   806.56   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ01 21.0394746  0.0059868  3514.30   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ02 21.1805071  0.0053614  3950.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ03 20.9721814  0.0049993  4195.04   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ04 21.0285751  0.0050875  4133.41   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ05 19.0692679  0.0101029  1887.51   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ06 21.5885066  0.0040745  5298.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ07 20.6135727  0.0053682  3839.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSISZ01 19.4840809  0.0258178   754.68   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ01 21.1160132  0.0074002  2853.45   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ02 22.4285006  0.0052520  4270.46   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ03 21.2694520  0.0061778  3442.86   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ04 20.2817912  0.0140934  1439.10   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ05 20.9139716  0.0105788  1976.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSLSZ01 20.9811738  0.0085002  2468.32   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSLSZ04 20.7897914  0.0072736  2858.27   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSRSZ01 18.1560788  0.0129426  1402.82   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ01 18.0575328  0.0366913   492.15   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ03 18.9557212  0.0251181   754.66   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ04 18.4163647  0.0213756   861.56   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ06 19.2168171  0.0153463  1252.21   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ01 21.6605069  0.0056838  3810.94   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ02 23.1658025  0.0037998  6096.59   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ03 22.5047015  0.0042697  5270.83   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ04 22.8299238  0.0042080  5425.40   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ05 22.2670551  0.0059075  3769.32   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ01 19.9496170  0.0072377  2756.33   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ02 18.8584745  0.0099329  1898.59   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ03 19.0841080  0.0117443  1624.97   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ04 20.0849427  0.0072932  2753.92   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ01 20.4571325  0.0060376  3388.31   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ02 21.4127909  0.0039938  5361.53   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ03 20.4177135  0.0056187  3633.90   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ04 19.4701362  0.0073588  2645.85   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ05 19.9396826  0.0058018  3436.83   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ06 20.3562902  0.0062100  3278.01   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ07 18.9046333  0.0116327  1625.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ08 19.4822072  0.0091265  2134.69   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ09 20.6065291  0.0068328  3015.82   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ10 19.6624868  0.0088534  2220.90   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ11 20.6123923  0.0054058  3813.03   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ12 20.2169628  0.0064485  3135.13   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ01 19.7256587  0.0208730   945.03   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ02 20.6955359  0.0133938  1545.16   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ03 21.8210021  0.0077056  2831.84   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ04 21.4553113  0.0080390  2668.92   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ05 22.3585141  0.0075087  2977.69   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ06 22.9040322  0.0142173  1611.00   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ01 23.7710323  0.0049990  4755.12   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ02 20.5168044  0.0123556  1660.52   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ03 19.3142780  0.0325485   593.40   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ01 22.5839489  0.0035977  6277.29   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ02 20.7102428  0.0059590  3475.43   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ03 21.8555263  0.0046044  4746.71   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ04 21.2543995  0.0067996  3125.82   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ05 21.2480643  0.0067031  3169.89   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ06 21.6227127  0.0046817  4618.52   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ07 20.7239019  0.0063296  3274.13   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ08 21.1141310  0.0062823  3360.88   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ09 21.7522185  0.0046206  4707.68   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ01 22.1696149  0.0039271  5645.27   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ02 21.5642593  0.0051636  4176.20   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ03 21.0827764  0.0062436  3376.70   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ04 21.1665869  0.0053325  3969.32   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ05 20.2131257  0.0109316  1849.06   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ06 19.7991046  0.0107159  1847.64   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ07 20.3189759  0.0143152  1419.39   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ08 22.2483268  0.0042169  5275.96   <2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ09 21.5401754  0.0043051  5003.39   <2e-16 ***
log(SCH_COUNT)          NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(BIZ_COUNT)          NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(DIST)       -1.7525619  0.0004141 -4231.93   <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 189463537  on 14471  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance:  18757606  on 14190  degrees of freedom
AIC: 18847306

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 7
CalcRSquared(decSIM$data$TRIPS, decSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.3735052

13 Doubly Constrained Spatial Interaction Model

dbcSIM <- glm(formula = TRIPS ~ 
             ORIGIN_SZ + 
             DESTIN_SZ +
             log(DIST), 
           family = poisson(link = "log"),
           data = SIM_data,
           na.action = na.exclude)

summary(dbcSIM)

Call:
glm(formula = TRIPS ~ ORIGIN_SZ + DESTIN_SZ + log(DIST), family = poisson(link = "log"), 
    data = SIM_data, na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients:
                  Estimate Std. Error   z value Pr(>|z|)    
(Intercept)     21.8312374  0.0059160  3690.190  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ02  0.5263502  0.0048031   109.585  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ03  0.3139982  0.0049254    63.751  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ04 -0.2146257  0.0053639   -40.013  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ05 -0.1890446  0.0060386   -31.306  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ06  0.1539201  0.0054401    28.294  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ07 -0.9826565  0.0098676   -99.584  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ08 -0.4488417  0.0093070   -48.226  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ09  0.0713474  0.0057402    12.429  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ10  0.4313742  0.0050370    85.641  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ11 -1.4712226  0.0131178  -112.154  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZAMSZ12 -1.7250733  0.0111603  -154.573  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ01  0.8810576  0.0048168   182.914  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ02  0.1100240  0.0055529    19.814  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ03  0.3606166  0.0050672    71.167  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ04  1.4624347  0.0044212   330.781  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ05  0.6207557  0.0050843   122.092  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ06  0.6712973  0.0051953   129.214  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ07 -1.2338669  0.0100775  -122.437  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBDSZ08 -1.0444562  0.0094555  -110.460  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ01 -0.2838426  0.0071354   -39.780  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ02  0.5550522  0.0059014    94.054  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ03  0.7396640  0.0056796   130.231  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ04 -0.2242451  0.0067482   -33.230  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ05 -0.2371614  0.0069386   -34.180  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ06 -0.1413812  0.0065035   -21.739  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ07  0.7089989  0.0051843   136.758  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ08 -0.0907065  0.0059157   -15.333  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBKSZ09 -0.1775146  0.0063302   -28.042  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ01 -2.3684539  0.0154280  -153.516  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ02 -2.8078475  0.0197839  -141.926  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ03 -3.3122763  0.0466091   -71.065  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBLSZ04 -2.6770542  0.0241793  -110.717  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ01  0.0618035  0.0059400    10.405  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ02 -1.3535767  0.0073741  -183.557  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ03 -0.7569095  0.0063187  -119.790  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ04 -0.2949304  0.0059603   -49.483  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ05 -2.6131992  0.0172376  -151.599  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ06 -3.0315024  0.0185502  -163.422  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ07 -0.6962524  0.0064068  -108.674  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ08 -0.9310730  0.0064541  -144.261  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ09 -1.2911253  0.0092047  -140.268  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ10 -1.6687004  0.0095708  -174.353  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ11 -1.1152794  0.0072027  -154.841  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ12 -1.5323954  0.0099932  -153.344  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ13 -0.6267376  0.0065863   -95.158  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ14 -1.0475467  0.0072472  -144.544  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ15 -0.5049444  0.0067390   -74.929  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ16 -1.5282897  0.0099545  -153.527  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBMSZ17 -1.5722349  0.0161533   -97.332  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ01  0.5814175  0.0062904    92.429  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ02  0.0875442  0.0072190    12.127  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ03  0.3358227  0.0070460    47.662  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ04  0.6507586  0.0057726   112.733  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ05  0.9502124  0.0052971   179.384  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ06 -1.0480314  0.0098191  -106.734  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBPSZ07 -0.5467931  0.0091676   -59.644  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ01  0.2998334  0.0059193    50.654  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ02  0.2841036  0.0050863    55.856  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBSSZ03 -0.2331505  0.0056565   -41.218  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ01  0.0987284  0.0063715    15.495  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ02 -0.6261229  0.0084604   -74.006  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ03 -0.4326963  0.0073452   -58.909  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ04 -1.4998668  0.0110013  -136.336  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ05 -0.9564768  0.0122202   -78.270  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ06 -1.2853131  0.0099328  -129.401  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ07 -2.3870991  0.0144589  -165.096  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZBTSZ08 -1.3715855  0.0113825  -120.499  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCBSZ01 -3.5940232  0.0548979   -65.467  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCCSZ01 -0.7008220  0.0140373   -49.926  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ01 -0.9109524  0.0122869   -74.140  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ02 -0.8566547  0.0088749   -96.526  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCHSZ03  1.1153731  0.0066136   168.650  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ01  0.3001815  0.0058548    51.271  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ02  0.7185711  0.0060595   118.585  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ03  1.1389824  0.0053179   214.178  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ04  1.6281772  0.0054761   297.324  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ05  0.8338470  0.0064178   129.927  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCKSZ06  0.6528993  0.0082375    79.259  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ01 -0.7174758  0.0082123   -87.366  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ02 -1.7513100  0.0139062  -125.938  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ03 -1.0362873  0.0085485  -121.224  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ04  0.6160017  0.0051276   120.136  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ05 -2.1005122  0.0150228  -139.821  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ06  0.7252108  0.0049447   146.665  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ07 -0.5343482  0.0062500   -85.496  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ08 -0.2153408  0.0067571   -31.869  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZCLSZ09 -1.8019961  0.0169078  -106.578  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ02 -3.9057711  0.0834668   -46.794  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ03 -3.4152419  0.0738650   -46.236  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZDTSZ13 -3.0183438  0.0315257   -95.742  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ01 -1.7812384  0.0099367  -179.258  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ02 -0.1074991  0.0054325   -19.788  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ03 -0.2461106  0.0057176   -43.045  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ04  0.8657186  0.0046413   186.524  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZGLSZ05  0.5871393  0.0047939   122.477  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ01  0.3543819  0.0050461    70.229  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ02  0.4218178  0.0050820    83.003  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ03  0.2411309  0.0054241    44.456  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ04  0.8180622  0.0046153   177.252  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ05  1.2173687  0.0045655   266.647  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ06 -0.1826300  0.0058214   -31.372  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ07  0.3172839  0.0050733    62.540  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ08 -0.1151369  0.0057067   -20.176  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ09 -1.2873441  0.0091690  -140.401  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZHGSZ10 -3.3783178  0.0424682   -79.549  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ01  0.4859234  0.0055927    86.885  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ02  0.1766088  0.0055800    31.650  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ03 -0.2177441  0.0059535   -36.574  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ04 -1.5532182  0.0104526  -148.597  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ05 -2.3332926  0.0142701  -163.509  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ06  0.3007382  0.0055019    54.661  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ07 -1.9687994  0.0121092  -162.587  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ08 -1.3032070  0.0122024  -106.800  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ09  0.5762635  0.0058766    98.061  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ10 -1.4423113  0.0194773   -74.051  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJESZ11 -1.9720897  0.0200811   -98.206  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ01  0.3808627  0.0071357    53.374  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ02  0.7963999  0.0053150   149.840  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ03  1.5429636  0.0049961   308.834  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ04  0.6410760  0.0056711   113.042  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ05 -2.1571049  0.0133584  -161.479  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ06 -1.5174532  0.0113384  -133.833  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ07 -2.7089963  0.0280439   -96.598  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ08  1.5343415  0.0051711   296.713  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZJWSZ09  1.8837410  0.0048845   385.656  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ01  0.1081286  0.0053307    20.284  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ02 -0.8844695  0.0067728  -130.591  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ03 -0.6872640  0.0062857  -109.337  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ04 -2.2090319  0.0122440  -180.418  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ05 -1.1728726  0.0110765  -105.888  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ06 -6.1162315  0.1857789   -32.922  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ07 -1.4082749  0.0092299  -152.578  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZKLSZ08 -1.7781551  0.0104682  -169.862  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZLKSZ01 -2.0531568  0.0398803   -51.483  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ01 -0.8825639  0.0287621   -30.685  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ02 -0.6219993  0.0107388   -57.921  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMDSZ03 -2.0840156  0.0173117  -120.382  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ01 -0.9659093  0.0086972  -111.060  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ02 -1.0411153  0.0073403  -141.836  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZMPSZ03  0.0001659  0.0059401     0.028 0.977719    
ORIGIN_SZMUSZ02 -3.7599031  0.1037937   -36.225  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ01 -3.0388366  0.0355325   -85.523  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ02 -3.4230640  0.0235902  -145.106  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ03 -0.9094796  0.0082551  -110.172  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ05 -4.0861681  0.0499630   -81.784  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNTSZ06 -3.9497128  0.0565388   -69.858  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ01  0.3235636  0.0049439    65.447  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ02 -0.6946748  0.0070536   -98.485  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ03 -1.0540196  0.0083781  -125.806  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ04 -0.9897977  0.0093463  -105.903  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZNVSZ05 -2.2578432  0.0169180  -133.458  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ01  0.2399827  0.0130436    18.398  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ02 -0.3352342  0.0078451   -42.732  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ03  0.9515148  0.0051376   185.207  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ04  1.3998952  0.0047991   291.697  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPGSZ05  0.4451629  0.0063423    70.189  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ01 -0.9705918  0.0122781   -79.050  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ02 -1.0670151  0.0153358   -69.577  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ03 -2.1229124  0.0373527   -56.834  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ04 -3.0911932  0.0371296   -83.254  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPLSZ05 -2.1705708  0.0226085   -96.007  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ01  0.9052637  0.0065952   137.262  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ02 -0.1720425  0.0125658   -13.691  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ03 -2.3973459  0.0201408  -119.029  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ04 -3.4483689  0.0343741  -100.319  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPNSZ05 -2.0588530  0.0282328   -72.924  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ01 -0.6399015  0.0120470   -53.117  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ02  0.8122270  0.0050886   159.617  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ03  0.3990960  0.0051810    77.031  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ04 -0.8485348  0.0079236  -107.089  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ05  0.8008791  0.0048532   165.021  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ06 -1.4498806  0.0121422  -119.408  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ07 -3.2025045  0.0167118  -191.631  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZPRSZ08 -0.5862269  0.0067255   -87.165  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ01 -0.1859270  0.0075531   -24.616  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ02 -0.8715122  0.0068124  -127.929  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ03 -0.1259816  0.0064796   -19.443  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ04 -1.4620032  0.0079848  -183.098  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ05 -0.6675643  0.0069616   -95.892  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ06 -0.8190026  0.0072713  -112.634  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ07 -1.5189403  0.0099864  -152.101  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ08 -0.4976238  0.0067874   -73.316  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ09 -0.9006162  0.0075978  -118.536  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ10 -0.6690184  0.0071574   -93.473  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ11 -2.5203437  0.0147000  -171.452  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ12 -3.0461675  0.0190193  -160.162  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ13 -0.7501068  0.0084481   -88.791  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ14 -1.9321849  0.0126114  -153.209  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZQTSZ15 -0.9576828  0.0127157   -75.315  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRCSZ01 -1.8167951  0.0129234  -140.582  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRCSZ06 -0.5560563  0.0090507   -61.438  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ01 -2.8862570  0.0325532   -88.663  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ02 -3.1555662  0.0281279  -112.186  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ03 -2.9836089  0.0248449  -120.089  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ04 -3.5520422  0.0561371   -63.274  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZRVSZ05 -2.5866584  0.0180382  -143.399  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ01  0.2867444  0.0071098    40.331  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ02 -0.9012334  0.0087262  -103.278  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ03  0.8311038  0.0055422   149.958  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ04  0.4044170  0.0062047    65.179  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ05 -0.2661845  0.0074162   -35.892  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ06 -0.9023075  0.0175046   -51.547  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ07  0.0505870  0.0131317     3.852 0.000117 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ08 -1.1158011  0.0145416   -76.732  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSBSZ09 -0.9682835  0.0095396  -101.501  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ02  1.1452735  0.0047810   239.548  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ03  1.2815277  0.0045677   280.564  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ04  0.8085857  0.0052756   153.269  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ05 -0.2329413  0.0063113   -36.909  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ06  1.0576879  0.0049909   211.925  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSESZ07 -2.3165908  0.0196831  -117.695  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ01 -0.6606350  0.0088079   -75.005  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ02 -1.3638984  0.0104040  -131.094  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ03  0.1152591  0.0054649    21.091  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ04  0.2954067  0.0050865    58.077  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ05 -2.0792678  0.0109882  -189.227  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ06  0.4563227  0.0048880    93.356  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSGSZ07 -0.8955254  0.0067100  -133.461  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ01 -0.3184402  0.0093032   -34.229  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ02  1.1160484  0.0063851   174.790  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ03 -0.2566692  0.0086021   -29.838  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ04 -1.5781827  0.0279394   -56.486  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSKSZ05 -0.2724361  0.0163597   -16.653  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSLSZ01 -2.4458625  0.0330301   -74.050  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSLSZ04 -0.0987076  0.0079626   -12.396  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZSRSZ01 -2.2584977  0.0176647  -127.854  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ01 -2.5878524  0.0489998   -52.814  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ03 -0.8101746  0.0226814   -35.720  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ04 -2.4186655  0.0288663   -83.789  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTHSZ06 -1.7080541  0.0186353   -91.657  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ01 -0.2193476  0.0061823   -35.480  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ02  1.7772464  0.0043394   409.558  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ03  1.0051343  0.0046055   218.249  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ04  0.1642370  0.0055078    29.819  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTMSZ05 -1.2878706  0.0114828  -112.157  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ01 -1.7163504  0.0131268  -130.751  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ02 -1.6508988  0.0103851  -158.968  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ03 -2.1545577  0.0137947  -156.187  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTNSZ04 -0.3949120  0.0078496   -50.310  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ01 -0.8058100  0.0069916  -115.253  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ02  0.5369060  0.0047272   113.577  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ03 -0.7779333  0.0064278  -121.027  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ04 -0.8153581  0.0061387  -132.823  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ05 -0.5073676  0.0067771   -74.865  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ06  0.0847301  0.0065717    12.893  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ07 -0.5839519  0.0066148   -88.280  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ08 -1.0577941  0.0098480  -107.412  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ09 -0.9067707  0.0071367  -127.057  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ10 -1.1362091  0.0080905  -140.438  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ11 -0.2374621  0.0059472   -39.928  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTPSZ12 -0.8028874  0.0069663  -115.253  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ01 -2.7809271  0.0482843   -57.595  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ02  0.0425804  0.0105088     4.052 5.08e-05 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ03  0.1142369  0.0109412    10.441  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ04 -0.6186261  0.0116324   -53.181  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ05 -1.0846732  0.0173555   -62.497  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZTSSZ06  0.3980173  0.0198100    20.092  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ01  1.3545143  0.0092002   147.227  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ02 -2.9863278  0.0330906   -90.247  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWCSZ03 -5.0504916  0.1241385   -40.684  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ01  1.5238429  0.0049404   308.448  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ02  0.2832576  0.0056218    50.386  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ03  1.3702524  0.0053266   257.245  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ04  1.0248225  0.0059272   172.903  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ05  0.2356778  0.0060587    38.899  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ06  0.3146925  0.0059919    52.520  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ07 -1.4971897  0.0091243  -164.088  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ08 -0.8894079  0.0087414  -101.747  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZWDSZ09  1.4437633  0.0053160   271.590  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ01 -0.2519398  0.0064443   -39.095  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ02  0.8726785  0.0057658   151.354  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ03  1.7868139  0.0050674   352.611  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ04  0.8418040  0.0051738   162.704  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ05  0.4292096  0.0062520    68.652  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ06 -0.7459961  0.0119123   -62.624  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ07 -0.8422281  0.0144559   -58.262  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ08  0.1829428  0.0067885    26.949  < 2e-16 ***
ORIGIN_SZYSSZ09  1.1159712  0.0050760   219.853  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ02  0.0694567  0.0045966    15.111  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ03  0.0760100  0.0044639    17.028  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ04 -1.1306391  0.0064373  -175.639  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ05 -1.0751133  0.0065164  -164.985  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ06 -0.9624298  0.0065937  -145.962  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ07 -1.5060319  0.0097616  -154.281  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ08 -0.4813202  0.0069794   -68.963  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ09 -1.0220675  0.0066313  -154.129  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ10  0.1235142  0.0047044    26.255  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ11 -0.8917993  0.0088519  -100.746  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZAMSZ12  0.0195208  0.0051704     3.775 0.000160 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ01  0.9736349  0.0042757   227.713  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ02 -0.1969470  0.0055284   -35.625  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ03  0.1266471  0.0050786    24.938  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ04  1.1608485  0.0041956   276.684  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ05  0.9293840  0.0044412   209.265  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ06  0.4090567  0.0050300    81.323  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ07 -0.8171478  0.0098945   -82.586  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBDSZ08 -1.5895287  0.0111632  -142.391  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ01 -1.3793311  0.0072145  -191.189  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ02 -0.5253670  0.0061879   -84.903  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ03 -1.0095362  0.0065426  -154.301  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ04 -0.5662858  0.0056453  -100.311  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ05 -0.9406607  0.0070597  -133.244  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ06 -1.3129276  0.0067414  -194.755  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ07  0.0120605  0.0049284     2.447 0.014400 *  
DESTIN_SZBKSZ08 -1.3658471  0.0075109  -181.849  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBKSZ09 -0.1771310  0.0055645   -31.832  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ01 -0.8175223  0.0075645  -108.074  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ02  0.1631280  0.0071753    22.735  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ03  1.2598494  0.0081706   154.194  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBLSZ04 -0.5642975  0.0137827   -40.943  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ01  0.6921844  0.0054211   127.684  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ02 -0.1209392  0.0055362   -21.845  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ03 -0.2373881  0.0062427   -38.027  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ04 -0.0407117  0.0058001    -7.019 2.23e-12 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ05 -0.2363309  0.0075967   -31.110  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ06 -1.1930710  0.0134761   -88.532  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ07  0.4625103  0.0051864    89.178  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ08 -0.8604731  0.0069899  -123.102  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ09 -2.1290239  0.0154841  -137.498  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ10 -1.4617153  0.0094014  -155.478  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ11 -1.3234050  0.0085506  -154.773  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ12 -0.8399230  0.0085361   -98.397  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ13  0.1366529  0.0059697    22.891  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ14 -1.0491968  0.0083021  -126.378  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ15 -0.6726684  0.0076276   -88.189  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ16 -1.4011734  0.0116569  -120.201  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBMSZ17 -1.5682752  0.0167333   -93.722  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ01 -1.1120017  0.0063197  -175.959  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ02 -2.0833466  0.0091139  -228.590  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ03 -1.6937265  0.0087437  -193.709  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ04 -0.7964999  0.0066129  -120.447  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ05  0.2109118  0.0048815    43.206  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ06 -1.1808365  0.0083657  -141.152  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBPSZ07 -0.2077428  0.0084543   -24.572  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ01  0.3164175  0.0050682    62.431  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ02 -0.4852688  0.0057001   -85.134  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBSSZ03  0.4130432  0.0043061    95.921  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ01  0.6215095  0.0048914   127.061  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ02 -0.0145076  0.0071799    -2.021 0.043324 *  
DESTIN_SZBTSZ03  0.4919981  0.0058498    84.105  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ04 -0.6957555  0.0114078   -60.989  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ05  0.3329814  0.0073568    45.262  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ06 -0.1333295  0.0073965   -18.026  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ07 -1.4449581  0.0113186  -127.663  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZBTSZ08 -0.7079056  0.0103797   -68.201  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCBSZ01 -5.7344725  0.3162767   -18.131  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCCSZ01 -0.0009541  0.0083381    -0.114 0.908900    
DESTIN_SZCHSZ01 -0.2083016  0.0099054   -21.029  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCHSZ02  0.5369606  0.0057531    93.334  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCHSZ03  2.5530638  0.0043945   580.971  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ01 -0.5725975  0.0056507  -101.333  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ02 -1.1181852  0.0063287  -176.685  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ03  0.1156680  0.0049440    23.396  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ04 -0.8647725  0.0071003  -121.794  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ05 -1.1641791  0.0076248  -152.684  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCKSZ06 -0.4397612  0.0073040   -60.208  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ01  0.1930552  0.0053752    35.916  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ02 -2.0436501  0.0136039  -150.225  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ03 -0.9338571  0.0082908  -112.638  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ04  0.0532041  0.0053276     9.987  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ05 -1.0782781  0.0088184  -122.276  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ06  0.4068171  0.0049068    82.910  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ07 -0.3579507  0.0060289   -59.373  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ08 -0.2487993  0.0066588   -37.364  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZCLSZ09  0.1611080  0.0071178    22.635  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ02 -1.7308348  0.0349466   -49.528  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ03 -0.5994253  0.0146230   -40.992  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZDTSZ13 -1.3685031  0.0162803   -84.059  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ01 -0.0910001  0.0055275   -16.463  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ02 -0.0692224  0.0052840   -13.100  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ03  0.6493421  0.0043446   149.459  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ04  0.9327947  0.0043674   213.583  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZGLSZ05  0.8161728  0.0043625   187.087  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ01  0.0658625  0.0042516    15.491  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ02 -0.8134329  0.0056721  -143.409  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ03 -1.3546132  0.0066257  -204.448  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ04 -0.4500588  0.0048448   -92.895  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ05 -0.5026431  0.0050996   -98.566  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ06 -0.8673686  0.0059530  -145.704  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ07  0.0560490  0.0047702    11.750  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ08 -0.0443189  0.0052599    -8.426  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZHGSZ09 -0.0126355  0.0054966    -2.299 0.021518 *  
DESTIN_SZHGSZ10 -3.5821793  0.0263281  -136.059  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ01 -0.3704281  0.0056684   -65.350  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ02 -0.7369159  0.0058686  -125.570  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ03 -0.8985484  0.0063627  -141.222  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ04 -1.0511995  0.0073996  -142.061  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ05 -1.5324974  0.0102612  -149.349  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ06  0.3105267  0.0048241    64.370  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ07 -1.3234483  0.0085497  -154.795  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ08 -0.6559742  0.0083174   -78.867  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ09  0.2663752  0.0063370    42.035  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ10  0.8529026  0.0076067   112.126  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJESZ11  0.5559641  0.0074629    74.497  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ01 -0.9790971  0.0071830  -136.308  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ02 -0.8746590  0.0060179  -145.342  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ03  0.5689062  0.0049105   115.855  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ04  0.4520963  0.0050302    89.876  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ05 -1.0249671  0.0067371  -152.137  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ06 -0.7451483  0.0062189  -119.819  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ07 -2.8453099  0.0287335   -99.024  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ08 -0.3372309  0.0058003   -58.141  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZJWSZ09  1.0505330  0.0045908   228.832  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ01 -0.2334836  0.0057970   -40.277  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ02 -0.5416148  0.0061432   -88.164  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ03 -0.8026495  0.0068745  -116.757  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ04 -1.2918594  0.0090197  -143.227  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ05 -0.4069101  0.0087812   -46.339  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ06 -2.5333101  0.0363215   -69.747  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ07 -0.6623343  0.0070761   -93.601  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZKLSZ08 -0.1408205  0.0054965   -25.620  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZLKSZ01 -1.2639235  0.0208254   -60.691  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ01 -1.5655800  0.0202787   -77.203  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ02 -0.9767682  0.0114687   -85.168  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMDSZ03 -3.3328109  0.0254294  -131.061  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ01 -0.4552859  0.0080666   -56.441  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ02 -0.5386560  0.0064620   -83.358  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMPSZ03  0.4952000  0.0052295    94.694  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZMUSZ02 -1.4434175  0.0202509   -71.277  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ01 -2.9194067  0.0449654   -64.926  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ02 -1.3780179  0.0112867  -122.092  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ03 -0.5044699  0.0080449   -62.707  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ05 -2.0017134  0.0258750   -77.361  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNTSZ06 -3.8120537  0.0434271   -87.781  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ01 -0.1071506  0.0051026   -20.999  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ02 -0.0274710  0.0057611    -4.768 1.86e-06 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ03  0.1076352  0.0057909    18.587  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ04 -1.2087250  0.0110438  -109.448  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZNVSZ05 -1.0058290  0.0092167  -109.131  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ01 -1.2029931  0.0163170   -73.726  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ02 -1.2878671  0.0074139  -173.709  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ03 -0.1520894  0.0048629   -31.275  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ04 -0.1985959  0.0050374   -39.424  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPGSZ05 -1.5290983  0.0082617  -185.083  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ01 -0.3567934  0.0074298   -48.022  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ02 -1.7114351  0.0134462  -127.280  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ03 -0.3241427  0.0098895   -32.776  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ04 -1.7117196  0.0119003  -143.838  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPLSZ05 -0.5086379  0.0120051   -42.368  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ01  0.2026781  0.0068977    29.383  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ02  0.8313754  0.0078544   105.848  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ03 -0.4041254  0.0086586   -46.673  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ04  1.5814539  0.0093641   168.885  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPNSZ05  1.1823430  0.0129843    91.059  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ01 -1.1057553  0.0088197  -125.374  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ02  0.0895099  0.0056308    15.897  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ03  0.6921925  0.0043977   157.397  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ04 -0.2848336  0.0084725   -33.619  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ05  0.1744480  0.0053553    32.575  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ06  0.4279206  0.0058735    72.856  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ07 -1.5123108  0.0124303  -121.664  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZPRSZ08 -0.5650226  0.0068530   -82.449  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ01 -0.5952360  0.0090505   -65.769  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ02 -0.7728170  0.0078910   -97.937  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ03 -0.5066812  0.0073996   -68.474  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ04 -0.6398414  0.0075411   -84.847  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ05 -0.4354527  0.0069345   -62.795  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ06 -0.6597391  0.0071919   -91.733  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ07 -0.9392696  0.0112518   -83.477  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ08  0.4617774  0.0057011    80.998  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ09 -0.3174497  0.0065890   -48.178  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ10  0.1993449  0.0059923    33.267  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ11  0.2551535  0.0061885    41.230  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ12 -0.1662603  0.0086701   -19.176  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ13  0.5500978  0.0063091    87.192  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ14  0.5364435  0.0070157    76.463  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZQTSZ15  1.3611043  0.0081643   166.715  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRCSZ01 -0.1034049  0.0076769   -13.470  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRCSZ06 -1.0633902  0.0189846   -56.013  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ01 -1.5486221  0.0165272   -93.701  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ02 -2.4092611  0.0326906   -73.699  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ03 -1.5172079  0.0139258  -108.950  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ04 -1.1663615  0.0157430   -74.088  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZRVSZ05 -2.2404292  0.0281339   -79.634  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ01 -1.3783780  0.0096022  -143.549  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ02 -1.4445213  0.0081630  -176.959  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ03  0.5149906  0.0051663    99.683  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ04  0.2389086  0.0060765    39.317  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ05 -1.2737442  0.0082818  -153.801  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ06 -1.8683520  0.0227277   -82.206  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ07 -0.5993154  0.0184895   -32.414  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ08  0.8156302  0.0059840   136.302  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSBSZ09  0.0900611  0.0057054    15.785  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ02 -0.6397704  0.0052491  -121.882  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ03  0.1714103  0.0042357    40.468  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ04 -1.0596175  0.0059865  -177.002  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ05 -0.8071891  0.0051229  -157.566  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ06 -0.5580934  0.0066216   -84.284  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSESZ07 -3.1448863  0.0227788  -138.062  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ01 -0.1795225  0.0060127   -29.857  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ02 -0.2986570  0.0053561   -55.760  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ03 -0.4074671  0.0050609   -80.513  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ04 -0.1505164  0.0050931   -29.553  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ05 -1.9908372  0.0101448  -196.242  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ06  0.6715268  0.0041161   163.148  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSGSZ07 -0.4494757  0.0055319   -81.252  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSISZ01 -0.5517983  0.0261860   -21.072  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ01 -0.4749154  0.0079257   -59.921  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ02  0.9400302  0.0057218   164.290  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ03 -0.2800377  0.0066081   -42.378  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ04 -1.2570212  0.0145351   -86.482  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSKSZ05 -0.2600474  0.0112800   -23.054  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSLSZ01 -0.7775604  0.0085818   -90.606  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSLSZ04 -0.8586515  0.0073142  -117.396  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZSRSZ01 -1.1370887  0.0142148   -79.993  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ01 -4.3259988  0.0368554  -117.378  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ03 -2.6632914  0.0252720  -105.385  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ04 -3.1000906  0.0216372  -143.276  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTHSZ06 -2.5952642  0.0156340  -166.001  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ01 -0.2092828  0.0059257   -35.318  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ02  1.8238139  0.0039155   465.798  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ03  0.8518259  0.0043636   195.210  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ04  1.0222812  0.0043466   235.191  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTMSZ05  0.6323777  0.0060058   105.294  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ01 -0.3336078  0.0074388   -44.847  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ02 -1.0820469  0.0101689  -106.408  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ03 -1.4186505  0.0119906  -118.313  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTNSZ04 -0.3058199  0.0074743   -40.916  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ01 -0.4872299  0.0061571   -79.133  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ02  0.7158441  0.0041312   173.278  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ03 -0.4314229  0.0059917   -72.004  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ04 -1.5898245  0.0076083  -208.959  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ05 -1.0445550  0.0062363  -167.497  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ06 -0.4319582  0.0070100   -61.621  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ07 -2.1602303  0.0120352  -179.493  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ08 -1.1920493  0.0093083  -128.063  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ09 -0.2022481  0.0071137   -28.431  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ10 -1.2464793  0.0090124  -138.308  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ11 -0.0808445  0.0056019   -14.432  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTPSZ12 -0.6784376  0.0066340  -102.267  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ01 -1.5845062  0.0222086   -71.346  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ02 -0.1886010  0.0146338   -12.888  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ03  0.6525526  0.0092450    70.585  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ04  0.5285464  0.0100182    52.759  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ05  1.4670106  0.0104357   140.577  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZTSSZ06  2.5043588  0.0167444   149.564  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ01  1.9787931  0.0054306   364.375  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ02 -2.2593108  0.0127916  -176.624  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWCSZ03 -3.1897655  0.0326927   -97.568  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ01  1.0476108  0.0044629   234.738  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ02 -1.3176990  0.0065894  -199.973  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ03  0.3432057  0.0052496    65.377  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ04 -0.7895927  0.0073392  -107.586  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ05 -0.8751665  0.0072946  -119.975  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ06 -0.2106221  0.0053027   -39.720  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ07 -1.6050834  0.0071754  -223.692  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ08 -0.5124717  0.0069223   -74.032  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZWDSZ09  0.3813542  0.0054697    69.721  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ01  0.0853753  0.0046572    18.332  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ02 -0.3227172  0.0057351   -56.271  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ03 -0.4151283  0.0066299   -62.615  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ04 -0.4637327  0.0058206   -79.671  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ05 -1.5888242  0.0111001  -143.136  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ06 -1.4606209  0.0107759  -135.545  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ07 -0.7839065  0.0144357   -54.304  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ08  0.6265412  0.0045504   137.691  < 2e-16 ***
DESTIN_SZYSSZ09  0.1520067  0.0048092    31.607  < 2e-16 ***
log(DIST)       -1.8468315  0.0004608 -4008.033  < 2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 47094011  on 14470  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance: 10420261  on 13912  degrees of freedom
AIC: 10510518

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 7
CalcRSquared(dbcSIM$data$TRIPS, dbcSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.7001882

14 Model Comparison

model_list <- list(originConstrained = orcSIM,
                   destinationConstrained = decSIM, 
                   doubleConstrained = dbcSIM)
compare_performance(model_list,
                    metrics = "RMSE")
# Comparison of Model Performance Indices

Name                   | Model |     RMSE
-----------------------------------------
originConstrained      |   glm | 2660.070
destinationConstrained |   glm | 2754.902
doubleConstrained      |   glm | 1906.694

Output shows that doubly constrained SIM is the best model since it has the smallest RMSE value of 1906.694.

  • distance must be negative, because rs is inverse. ppl dun wanna travel too far. if it is positive, then need to investigate further

  • log sch and log biz should always be positive

  • last col is the pvalues. make sure it is less than 0.05 so that we can accept these factors. If more, then need to say there are not statistically significant

use R square “goodness of fit” to explain how well the factors can explain the model

  • create a function with observed results and estimated results.

  • use correlation coef funct in base 2

  • then square the corr result to get r2.

  • helps to explain how well it explain the rate of flow,

  • rmse on how good it is at estimation. the results is the number of errors (check documentation of performance_rmse again!) chose to normalised to be false,so it will use the raw value (actual root mean square error)

  • smaller RMSE is better.

  • doubly constrained - don’t have the attractiveness factors, don’t need to minus 1 the intercept

  • plot rmse, check the outlier and might want to further investigate by removing the outlier and run the model and check how it affects the rmse.